Besides, Pearson correlation coefficients among SNAIS/subscales, emotional connection to social networking, social networking addiction, and Internet addiction were derived. here. Division of Behavioral Health and Health Promotion, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, Definition of Social Media Intensity: The extent to which a person is actively engaged in social networking activities. [6] However, the directions of the associations between intensity of social networking use and health outcomes are inconsistent. The top three purposes for using online social networking were to keep in contact with old friends (73.3%), entertainment (48.4%), and to make new friends (39.8%). The scale includes nine items corresponding to the nine diagnostic criteria for Internet Gaming Disorder according to the Appendix of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , 5th ed. We hypothesized that the SNAIS score would be correlated with external variables such as emotional connection to social networking, social networking addiction, Internet addiction and general characteristics of social networking use (e.g. In order to maximally ensure confidentiality and protect participants from personal information disclosure, the survey applied anonymous approach, and the data analyzed anonymously. Response categories rated from 1 (not true) to 5 (extremely true), with a higher score indicating a higher level of addictive tendency to social networking. No, Is the Subject Area "Emotions" applicable to this article? Study Shows that Intensity of Facebook Use Can Be Predicted by Reward-related Activity in the Brain Neuroscientists at Freie Universität Berlin show a link between reward activity in the brain due to discovering one has a good reputation and social media use № 243/2013 from Aug 28, 2013. Respondent caegories according to intensity of use of social media Low Table 2. Share. It was translated to English and back-translated to Chinese. We examined its psychometric properties including internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity. Detailed Description. Data obtained from 910 (89.7%) students, who were social networking users, were used for data analysis. The intensity of social media use as a general source of information has been measured by adapting the scale of Llodrà-Riera et al. All students understood the items well and found the questions not difficult to answer. In this work, we curate a large-scale dataset that con-nects popularity in one social media platform { 81.9 million YouTube videos { to discussions about each of these digital items in an external platform, in 1.06 billion tweets. Our survey did not involve endangered or protected species, and the study did not involve sensitive content related to students. Participants who provided five or more “yes” answers were classified as an Internet addiction case. A panel consisting of a behavioral scientist, two psychologists and an epidemiologist held several meetings and eliminated the overlapping items while combining others with similar meanings. [38] A one-year longitudinal study revealed that Internet use for communication purposes was protective of depression, while the use for non-communicative purposes predicted depression and social anxiety. Furthermore, the specific entertainment functions included in the subscale (e.g. Please consider submitting any instruments that you have developed. As a measure of quality control, 73 (6.7%) of the 1088 collected questionnaires with at least one measurement scale having >20% of its items missing were excluded from data analysis. Background Online social networking use has been integrated into adolescents’ daily life and the intensity of online social networking use may have important consequences on adolescents’ well-being. Such a limitation could be addressed in future revision of the scale. The statistical significant level was 0.05. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165695.t002. In the present study, the word “Facebook” was replaced by “online social networking” for assessing extent of emotional connection. Several such scales exist but they have some serious limitations. Except for Item 8 and Item 14, item means were close to the middle of the range. Moreover, Jenkins-Guarnieri, et al (2013) standardized a scale on online social media use that assesses the daily routines of users, combination of the social behavior, along with the emotional connection and importance of to this use, but this scale is not suitable to measure our construct. All items were on a 5-point Likert-type scale anchored by “Strongly Disagree” and “Strongly Agree.” A sample item is “I’m proud to tell people I’m on … [29,30] The scale has commonly been used in Chinese student populations and shown acceptable validity and reliability. Ellison, N.B., Steinfield, C., & Lampe, C. (in press). Those providing an affirmative answer to the question were asked about their experiences in social networking use, including duration of social networking use, number of days per week on average using social networking, amount of time spent on social networking in a typical day, and number of social networking friends. The two subscales that emerged from the SNAIS have strong practical implications and can be used to understand various consequences of SNUI. Despite the ubiquity of social media use and growth of research in the area, few studies have examined the relationship between various types of social media use, sense of belonging and psychological wellbeing, while controlling potentially influential variables. No, Is the Subject Area "Internet" applicable to this article? https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165695, Editor: MariaPaz Espinosa, University of the Basque Country, SPAIN, Received: June 8, 2015; Accepted: October 17, 2016; Published: October 31, 2016. The present study aims to develop the Social Networking Activity Intensity Scale (SNAIS) and validate it among junior middle school students in China. Furthermore, there were no noticeable ceiling or floor effects. The developed SNAIS is a comprehensive inventory with acceptable psychometric properties. 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