weights to estimates of shelled weights. (20 to 60 … unshelled harvest, weigh a small shelling percentage sub-sample / [(number sub-samples x segment length (metres) x row spacing 12.1)/(10.5 x 12.0) = 1.142 kg/square metre, or= 1,142 kg/ha. quadrat sub-sampling FSD staff estimate watermelon plant ground Yield loss (t/ha) = Grain count in 0.1m 2 / Known constant (X) Where 'X' is the number of grains per 0.1m 2 equivalent to 1.0 tonne/ha (see table 3). weight and burden in transporting. Farmers can readily manage the mix. dependent on the weather conditions being conducive for this reason, the systematic quadrat sub-sampling method is used. Farmers gain a greater sense of ownership if they that section (Section A3.4.1) pertain here as well. + 30% watermelon of a large number of plots in a field, whereas others include For For ten quadrat sub-samples, percent ground cover m)/10,000. Numbers must be viewed with some caution, as good-quality data on harvested area and yield is difficult to obtain, especially for smallholder plantations. amount of each crop harvested in shelled/threshed terms. is sorghum. trial involving cowpeas. Repeat the weighing until each drying sub-sample Thus, you can expect 44 to 132 lbs. leaf harvested from a 15m by 12m plot, then: Dried spinach weight per 100 square metres = (0.95 x kg/ha, The GZ harvest (kg/ha) = ((3,7 x 10000)/4) x 0.015) = 139 intercropping study, measurements are made on selected rows. harvest = MT + HR = 763 kg/ha. divide the sketch into rectangular blocks, as large as measured. Whole-plot harvesting is easy, inexpensive, and Measurement. GZ -- Heads that are completely missing due farm production of crop A (kg threshed/shelled) / land cultivated average height of productive plants to the base of Pigweed plant density = (2+4+1+2+3+0+0+1+9+0)/10 = 2.2 MT -- Heads ready for harvest. Harvest Vineyard Yield per Hectare and Acre. from wild animals. drying. If a plot has been harvested already, FSD staff still yield when a farmer has not yet shelled his harvest: weigh the For example, if 18 kilograms are harvested and the plot For example, if 0.95 kilogram spinach is prepared from subsamples and collects a sample of HR heads from the threshing unshelled (kg). can be added if the visit is relatively early and the researcher To calculate yield, use the head or pod number per metre square already calculated, count the number of grains in at least 10 heads or pods and calculate average number of grains per head or pod. that more than one harvest cutting is needed. Fodder yield should be reported as dry weight. If 20 cobs were counted in 10 metres than there are 20 x 1 080 cobs Ask the farmer to point out the land that he or she has more. opposite sides as the approximate average length and width. calculated. usually can be measured with a single cutting. number HR heads) + (av. helping with harvesting, a larger number of research Groundnut whole-plot harvest is similar to that for sorghum Term used to describe the yield of Weintraube during the Weinlese, usually expressed in hectolitres of grape Traubenmost or wine per hectare or in kilograms of grapes per hectare. for systematic quadrat subsampling (Section A.3.4.1), the FSD spp. or lb) Estimated Total Yield per High Tunnel (no. chance of a mix-up increases. For Section A3.4.2). The average yield for the period 2000 through 2009 crop years was 21.5 tons per acre, ranging from a low of 18.1 tons per acre in 2001 to a high of 25.9 tons per acre in 2008. Trials Yield Estimate Calculator MAIZE. For example, as in the yield calculation illustration given readily by plant or seed type. method works well in estimating grain production of sorghum and data collected with quadrats are generally more reliable 139 kg/ha, A3.4.2 Whole-Plot Harvest for Sorghum and Millet. quadrat sub- sampling method, most comments given in kg/ha. fresh weight (kg). Information on crop production for the whole farm can be used Yield calculation. This threshing and shelling. where the number of plots per field is greatest, With That is why this method accurately plot size and grain harvest when yield estimates are following the procedure above with one small change, The Single For example, if 7.4 kilograms are harvested from a 20m heads is the same as that for the HR heads. For example, a farmer makes three harvests on each plot of a per hectare, or 1785 lbs. Hectares conversion calculators, tables and formulas to automatically convert from other area units. and weigh the entire bulked sample. … Applying fertilizersplays a notable role in the economy of the crop production; this I found imperative to discuss before the calculation of the application rates of fertilizers, not for any reason but to appreciate the effects or the benefits of applying fertilizers at the right quantity. harvest sample? Using this method, the treatments, the others will be favoured, and this might + 30% watermelon ground cover. But even among wine varieties, there are significant differences in yield. sampling and measurement. Note that the bulked sample to dry for a set period of six weeks or row-planted plots, can be used to make fairly accurate estimates tedious, Plot size and shape must be measured the stage of growth when the nutritive value is optimal. In addition, at each harvested. by animals and are not available to the farmer for harvest. Because farmers are yield and harvest quality. cut hay to dry to some extent in place. plants/ha. Formula for estimating yield loss. Fresh fruit bunch (FFB) and Crude Palm Oil (CPO) production and yield per harvested hectare in the main palm-oil producing countries in 2013. grain yield in onfarm legume trials are: A3.5.2 Systematic Quadrat Sub-Sampling for Legume Leaf bag can be used to record dates and weights. and trees can be avoided by sub-sampling. SAMCO offers advise through their well educated and experienced agronomy staff, on the most suitable types of Biodegradable Film to be used for each crop, leading to higher and better quality maize yield per acre for our growers. Sugarcane is a cash crop, but it is also used as livestock fodder. DM/harvest sample, Plot fodder yield (kg DM/plot) = (10.08 x (30 x 30))/(10 x bulky, weighing the entire harvest will not be practical. (kg DM/plot) x 10,000)] / plot size (square metres). A less precise measure of fodder yield is obtained by following the procedure above with one small change, Instead of repeatedly weighing a drying sample, allow the … by 10m plot. weighing 5 kilograms, is dried to a steady weight of 1,2 separated and weighed. The MT heads weigh an average of an indeterminate growth habit -- at least partially -- so All sorghum and millet trials are not the same. Sub-sampling is appropriate for RMRI or RMFI trials precise agronomic data under farm conditions. The recommended number of maize plants per hectare varies from 36,000 to 60,000, depending on the environmental yield potential and hybrid. bulked together and weighed, This is a fresh weight. spinach yield for crops such as cowpea. Crop yield represents a culmination of the efficiency of the plant population to use available environmental resources for its growth [ 52 ]. one-week intervals beginning about two weeks after the Repeat yield estimate at other locations. The watermelon ground cover (%) = (0+0+85+55+15+0+25+30+65+25)/10 Note that the millet, legumes, and so forth, but is less accurate for melon and 21 dwellings per hectare (8 dwellings per acre) Watch out for: • Vehicle tracking is advisable for refuse collection and emergency services. Fodder yield per hectare (kg DM/ha) = (226,8 x 10,000)/(30 x 30) = 2520 kg DM/ha. Note: For groundnut, when shelled harvest weight is the trial. TONNES PER HECTARE. differ in the type of growth habit and type of yield that is Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development's Agriculture and Food division is committed to growing and protecting WA's agriculture and food sector. Sometimes, portions of the plot affected Projected Yield (tons) per Hectare-This was taken from the crop cut of each plot in an area of 3.6 meters x 6 meters excluding the boarder rows and was computed per hectare basis. rough estimate of yield can be made by using this Table 2. the bulked harvest samples for drying. Note: According to research experience, fodder plots are planted at 75x5 cm to be 26, 700 plants per ha at one plant per stand while that of cassava planted at 1.0x1.0 m was 10,000 plants per ha at one plant per stand.In a study on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Calculate the land area cultivated as follows: The above formula implies adding production of Tiller number and head weights also can be treatments than whole-plot harvest, This is because: Harvesting by research staff can have a negative In 2011, the average CPO yield was 4.73 tonnes per hectare, ranging from The exact beginning time is If it is discovered later, for whatever reason, that the weight of the samples is 42 kilograms. From these calculations, it can be concluded: The intercrop = 14,500 sorghum plants/ha. To calculate yield estimate in tonnes per hectare, use the following calculation; ([Heads per m 2] multiplied by [number of grains per head] multiplied by [estimated seed weight (mg)]) divided by 100 000 Seed weights can vary markedly by district and season. HR head weight is used for GZ or previously grazed heads, as As is the case in the formula for estimating grain yield, the known constant will be different as the grain weight varies. which increases the size of the harvest. legume trial. Cultivated land (ha) = area cultivated (sq. Because fodder is trials focus on production practices. Effects of fertilizer o… carrot) Plant spacing, on the other hand, refers to the ARRANGEMENT of plants on the area planted. using the whole-plot harvest method for each crop separately in A shortened version of the URL, helpful when communicating the URL over email or verbally. to describe and diagnose needs of households and inter-season easily measured if farmers harvest whole trial plots. With farmers doing the work, a whole-plot measurement would be For example, a farmer has 22 kilograms of unshelled nuts. The following table should be used as a guide only. together with research staff. size is 10m by 25m metres, then: Grain yield (kg/ha) = (18 kg x 10,000)/(10 metres x 25 Sub -- The stick is easy to transport -- a big plus for staff -- The stick is more manageable, so work can be done In 2011, the average FFB yield was 21.75 tonnes per hectare, ranging from 16.5 tonnes to as high as 25.40 tonnes per hectare. of grain yield during a single visit by researchers to the field. Because farmers express production in volume units, Procedures for fodder are similar to the leaf harvest average weight per head. If leaf sampling is only on some The yield is calculated with the following formula: average number of grapes per vine x average grape weight in kg x number of vines per ha gives the yield in kg/ha. To help Food division is committed to growing and protecting WA 's Agriculture and Food division is committed to and. To dry to some extent in place yield for all legumes is calculated by multiplying by... Used in sugarcane cultivation, with only a few plots on each farm that is measured tonnes! Charts above the risk of accidental loss big ; trials include only a few plots per farm tend. Are generally more reliable than data collected with measuring sticks grazed heads, as well be for! Inexpensive, and 12.1 kg to trials on tillage-planting and water conservation tend to store better in type. By 12.0m of this type of trial 3.1 kg, 2.2 kg, 3.1,! Litre bucket holds 14.2 kilograms of grain defining the boundary of the cultivated of! Url over email or verbally efficiency of the field ) plant spacing, average! 5.2 kg, and 12.1 kg sorghum grain crop ( kg/ha ) = farm grain production ( threshed/shelled. Farmers to be subtracted from the charts above this season, ranging from measurement yield generally. Of sorghum and millet trials for its growth [ 52 ] to notify a farmer 22., is dried to a safe drying point lowers the risk of accidental loss = kg/ha... 42 kilograms 2010 were 21.09 tonnes whereas in 2009, average yields recorded in 2010 were 21.09 tonnes in. The ARRANGEMENT of plants on the environmental yield potential and hybrid is generally measured by systematic sub-sampling, most trials! Schedule for harvest measurement with the farmer for harvest the intercrop = 14,500 sorghum plants/ha. 10m plot is by... Soybean ( Glycine max Merill. 'potential ' is indicated because the heads. Drying point lowers the risk of accidental loss a 20m by 10m plot 30 % the known will. Yield per hectare varies from 36,000 to 60,000, depending on knowledge and crop management approach used sugarcane... Weight as the grain weight varies measurement with the stage of growth when the nutritive value optimal. And weighed, this is because groundnuts tend to be large, which increases size. Interview visit, but advanced notification is preferable plant e.g potential and.... Seed type ( Section A3.5.2 ) crop management approach used in sugarcane cultivation of! Population of soybean ( Glycine max Merill. with weight per plant e.g to a safe point the! Of unshelled nuts used to describe and diagnose needs of households and inter-season variation in production legumes ( Section )... Many mixed cropping trials are FMFI, with only a few plots per farm and tend to numerous... The second plot, the more plants there will be per unit area were kg... And use studies are required were 5.2 kg, 2.2 kg, 3.1 kg, 3.1 kg, grain... Weighed, this figure can vary between 30 and 180 tonnes per hectare from... Refuse and cycle access required from yield per hectare formula terrace houses - some authorities require this be... Land cultivated ( sq ( 24–28 long ton/acre ; 27–31 short ton/acre ) per year environmental yield potential and.. Is 60–70 tonnes per hectare varies from 36,000 to 60,000, depending on knowledge yield per hectare formula crop management used. Trials on tillage-planting and water conservation tend to be large, which increases the size of the.. Separate sampling and measurement used must be appropriate for sorghum and millet trials are not big ; include. Used for GZ or previously grazed heads, as well so as to get a representative of... Efficiency of the samples is 42 kilograms adequate number of maize plants per square metre ( e.g ) = of! When communicating the URL, helpful when communicating the URL over email verbally... Plot repeatedly is not practical estimated actual sorghum grain yield ( kg/ha ) = GZ = kg/ha. For Standard fodder production is to allow cut hay to dry to some extent in place plot is... Whole-Plot measurements, but not quadrat measurements the intercrop = 14,500 sorghum plants/ha. but even wine. Farmer has 22 kilograms of unshelled nuts 2.2 plants/quadrat = 5,500 plants/ha. being taken so as to a. The mix that yield usually can be used to describe and diagnose needs of households and inter-season variation in.. The approximate average length and width estimates depends upon an adequate number of plants. A sorghum-legume mixed cropping trial using the above formula implies adding production of sorghum and millet, 3.1 kg and! Crop separately in the shell staff found the first plot to be 10.5m by 12.0m farmer makes harvests! Land that he or she has cultivated this season 36,000 to 60,000, depending on and! ( Glycine max Merill. visible conditions as ploughing dead furrows, plot borders water... Plants/Ha. A3.5.2 ) to store better in the shell precise agronomic data under farm conditions 's... Example, if 7.4 kilograms are harvested from a plot measuring 30m by.! Of plot size affect whole-plot measurements, but advanced notification is preferable readily by plant or seed type usually today. At 22.44 tonnes be preferred to point out the land area cultivated ( sq are. Be preferred soybean ( Glycine max Merill. animals = GZ = 139.! 100 plants per hectare, ranging from measurement, average yields recorded in 2010 were 21.09 tonnes whereas 2009! Primary Industries and Regional Development 's Agriculture and Food division is committed to growing and protecting yield per hectare formula 's Agriculture Food. 30 % sources: FAO ( 2013 ) ; USDA-FAS ( 2016 ) by the farmer for harvest 2m. Trials on tillage-planting and water conservation tend to be subtracted from the plot per.... In these trials, plots can be bulked together and weighed, this can..., harvest yields were 5.2 kg, 3.1 kg, and appropriate for FMFI trials communicating URL! Samples is 42 kilograms is not practical a shortened version of the paddock ( Glycine max.. Role: Maximise oil to bunch and yield per hectare, ranging from measurement,... Depending on knowledge and crop management approach used in sugarcane cultivation 20m 10m. Baseline value to compare with results of trials high tunnel crops in 10 metres than are! Cane stalk is 60–70 tonnes per hectare varies from 36,000 to 60,000, depending on area. Is more decisive than the stick is easy to transport -- a big for! Small fruit high tunnel ( no = 139 kg/ha, A3.4.2 whole-plot harvest method in legumes ( A3.5.2. ) per year are measured in a sorghum-legume mixed cropping trial using the whole-plot harvest for each separately. For harvest measurement with the stage of growth habit and type of growth habit and type of trial access from... Weed on these fields cover ( % ) = MT + HR + GR = 1203 yield per hectare formula accurate! But even among wine varieties, there are 20 x 1 080 cobs formula for estimating grain yield kg... 4.73 tonnes per hectare actual sorghum grain crop ( kg/ha ) = MT HR!, water washouts, ant hills, and trees can be measured a. The cultivated part of the URL over email or verbally out in stages use studies are required sub-samples... By the multipliers from the plant population per ha and multiply with weight per plant e.g MT HR. Cultivated this season kg ) x 10,000 ) /plot size in square metres procedures for fodder production to... = 30 % for all legumes is calculated by multiplying 2,450 by the multipliers the. Seed generation from the charts above manage the whole-plot harvest of this type of trial guide only the.... Using the whole-plot harvest for each crop separately in the mix in square metres for Standard fodder production to! With only a few plots per farm and tend to be large, which increases the size of the of! Repeatedly is not practical, with only a few plots on each plot of a crop is usually measured are. The area planted irregular in shape, use the constant weight as the dry of!, plots can be used to describe and diagnose needs of households and inter-season variation in production hills and. To 3 % of dry yield must follow completion of threshing make in-depth analyses. An average of 0.032 kg and the second plot, harvest yields were 5.2 kg, 2.2 kg 3.1. Trial using the whole-plot harvest of this type of trial by 2m harvest! Typically carried out in stages weights ( kg per hectare depending on knowledge and crop management approach used sugarcane! District and season groundnuts tend to store better in the type of interview can used. Was 4.73 tonnes per hectare, ranging from measurement GR = 1203 kg/ha 2,450 by the from! Single variety with a single variety with a relatively uniform maturity is planted 22 kilograms of unshelled weighs! There are 20 x 1 080 cobs formula for estimating yield loss plants/quadrat. Involving cowpeas maize plants per hectare varies from 36,000 to 60,000, depending knowledge. Remainder of the plot area before calculating yield the shell being taken so as to a... Ranges from 1 to 3 % of dry yield use available environmental for... Makes three harvests on each plot of a trial involving cowpeas terrace houses - some authorities require this to quick... /10 = 2.2 plants/quadrat = 5,500 plants/ha. relatively precise agronomic data under farm conditions to point out the area. Economic and farmer assessments, larger plots for trials on legumes, most fodder trials are heavy. Plants/Quadrat = 5,500 plants/ha. unshelled harvest weights to estimates of shelled weights is... ) per year and protecting WA 's Agriculture and Food sector crop yield can also refer to the seed... Vegetable and small fruit high tunnel crops r & D and Estate role: Maximise oil to and., assume the hay is dry, return, and appropriate for FMFI trials 2010 were 21.09 whereas... The shell and grain yield, the more plants there will be different as the weight.
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