The solubility of Hydrocarbons shows that hydrocarbon molecule is almost insoluble in water solvent but rapidly soluble in ethanol and ether solution. In this video we will learn about hydrocarbons and their types. But the aromatic name obtained from the Greek word aroma means fra… Pro Lite, CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 10, CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 12. asked Dec 4 in Chemistry by Maisa (45.7k points) hydrocarbons; class-11; 0 votes. Some of the accidental spills and leaks during production, refining, exploration and transport of hydrocarbon containing compounds can take place that may cause a global issue and harsh impact on human health. Hydrocarbons are known to be highly flammable in nature. I expect that this book will be of interest to students and professionals in chemical engineering, fuel technology and mechanical engineering. Aliphatic hydrocarbons are divided into three main groups according to the types of bonds they contain: alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes. Hydrocarbons are nonpolar. This kind of reaction is undergone by aromatic compounds. These have only single bonds, i.e. The most important halogenated hydrocarbons include carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethane, chloroform, and methylene chloride. One common example of these polycyclic hydrocarbons is naphthalene. The result is this tome on the physical properties of hydrocarbons. 2. The list of organic compounds that contain two or more carbon atoms linking by only a single chemical bond name by the term saturated compounds or hydrocarbons. Naturally occurring hydrocarbons are found in stingless Brazilian bees which leave unique hydrocarbon scents and help in determination of kin from non-kin. When n=2, 4 covalent bonds are formed for each carbon and C₂H₆ is formed. when n=1 (only one carbon atom), Methane, CH₄ is the example of an alkane. Closed chain or cyclic hydrocarbons. Therefore, the thermal decomposition of a list of hydrocarbons like decane given lower alkane octane and ethene. Aromatic hydrocarbons (arenes), alkanes, cycloalkanes and alkyne -based compounds are different types of hydrocarbons. The most common today are the different types of gasoline, diesel and kerosene. The classifications for hydrocarbons, defined by IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry are as follows: 1. For example, the most important list of hydrocarbon like methane, ethane, ethane, propane, butane, and isobutene obtains from organic fuels that contain up to four carbon atom in its molecular formula. The aliphatic naming of hydrocarbons given from fatty acids but today these compounds are known as open-chains compounds. Organic fuels like petroleum oil creaking uses for the extraction of the most common list of liquid hydrocarbon like aliphatic, aromatic, polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Therefore, the general formula for alkanes is CnH(2n+2). … They are two types: Alkene: Hydrocarbons containing a double bond between carbon atoms are known as an alkene. When n=2, C₂H₄ (ethene) is formed, when n=3, C₃H₆ (propene) is formed. Alkanes are aliphatic hydrocarbons with only single covalent bonds. Open chain or Aliphatic hydrocarbons. Therefore, crude petroleum oil contains a list of isoparaffinic alkanes, cycloalkenes or naphthenes, and aromatic or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Therefore, these four hybridized orbitals of carbon atom mixing with the hydrogen atom to form saturated organic compounds. The saturated types of cyclic hydrocarbon take the name of the corresponding open-chain hydrocarbons, proceeds by the suffixes cyclo. Most hydrocarbons found on Earth naturally occur in petroleum, where decomposed organic matter provides an abundance of carbon and hydrogen which, when bonded, can catenate to form seemingly limitless chains. Alkenes and alkynes are the two types of unsaturated hydrocarbons where alkenes contain atleast one double bond and alkynes contain atleast one triple bond. The terms natural gas meaning the total quantity of gaseous hydrocarbons present in used liquid petroleum. In this online lecture, Sibghat Ullah explains 10th Class Chemistry Chapter 12 Hydrocarbons. Aliphatic hydrocarbons are divided into three classes: alkanes have only single bonds, and are said to be saturated; alkenes and alkynes have carbon-carbon double or triple bonds, and are said to be unsaturated. Hydrocarbons that have a double bond between two carbon atoms are called alkenes. 1 answer. Types of Saturated Hydrocarbons. Special hydrocarbons such as mixture of benzene, toluene and xylene isomers are known and their consumption is very high. These compounds have double bonds. (i) Saturated hydrocarbons: These are the types of hydrocarbons in which all carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen are … This kind of reaction is undergone by alkenes and alkynes and a variety of reagents add across the pi-bonds. Methane, for example, has the shape of a regular tetrahedron with carbon at the centre and a hydrogen atom at each corner. Alkanes are the saturated hydrocarbons. Overview of Hydrocarbons The hydrocarbons can be classified in the following three categories, on the basis of the bonds present between carbon-carbon atoms. They have the general formula of C n H 2n (+ene suffix). However, today we classify hydrocarbons on the basis of structure and not merely on the origin. There’s not a single use of hydrocarbons, multiple uses of hydrocarbons are known. 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